Ganglion cells

Timofey Uvarov
2 min readJan 2, 2025

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“A system of cells interlinked within cells interlinked within cells interlinked within one stem.”

Do you know where is this quote coming from?

Have you taken and passed a baseline empathy test?

A retinal ganglion cell (RGC) is a type of neuron located near the inner surface (the ganglion cell layer) of the retina of the eye. It receives visual information from photoreceptors via two intermediate neuron types: bipolar cells and retina amacrine cells. Retina amacrine cells, particularly narrow field cells, are important for creating functional subunits within the ganglion cell layer and making it so that ganglion cells can observe a small dot moving a small distance. Retinal ganglion cells collectively transmit image-forming and non-image forming visual information from the retina in the form of action potential to several regions in the thalamus, hypothalamus, and mesencephalon, or midbrain.

Ganglion cells in human vision pipeline

Ganglion cells play key role in vision and are responsible to detail reproduction, which is key to object detection:

Most simply ganglion retinal cells are described in the video below. The concussion from the research in the next video is that ganglion cells do high-pass / band-pass decomposition of the visual information.

Great biological reference is a book “eye vision and brain” by David Hubell.

Eye, Brain, and Vision by Devid Hubell

3D model of a ganglion cell:

Taken from the article below:

Biosensor inspired by ganglion cells.

Biosensor linked to ganglion layer

Fourier Neural layer on perception side

Fourier neural layer, perception

To be continued…..

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Timofey Uvarov
Timofey Uvarov

Written by Timofey Uvarov

mathematician and system programmer

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